Twine and Gallagher’s introduction on the ‘third wave’ shows readers how whiteness started and its future. It is always important to look back and understand how whiteness exists and why. In this article the authors look at DuBois for answers. Then expanding on what DuBois believes they further explain what third wave is through research methods, white innocence and reconstitution of white supremacy and white identity among racial and ethnic minorities.
Goldberg’s chapter on “racial knowledge” written in 1993 is a look at race through a Western perspective. Race has been studied over decades by anthropologists, historians and biologists. In many cases of study “scientists” used race to rationalize domination, stereotypes and extermination. Through scientists studies they also established moral subject. They determined “who is capable of moral action and who is subjected to it, who is capable of moral autonomy and who should be directed” (Goldberg, 148). Through this chapter on “racial knowledge” we learn about the “Other”.
